At present, many car owners have developed a lack of attention to the daily maintenance of vehicles, and when problems arise, they can get repair shop or 4S shop for repair. The cost of car maintenance increases, but also consumes a lot of time and energy of car owners. In fact, many minor defects can be avoided by the owners'daily maintenance.

　　◆ 1.汽車啟動時，發動機點不著火

　　_1. When the car starts, the engine does not ignite.

　　原因：發動機的啟動是靠電瓶的電流推動火花塞點火完成的，造成發動機突然點不起火可能會有以下兩個原因，首先很可能是由于電瓶生銹或者電瓶滴漏所造成，其次就是下雨天發動機火花塞受潮引起的。

　　Reasons: The engine start-up is driven by the current of the battery to ignite the spark plug. There may be two reasons for the sudden ignition of the engine. First, it may be caused by the rust of the battery or the leakage of the battery. Second, it is caused by the dampness of the spark plug on rainy days.

　　保養方法：每一兩個月要查看電瓶內的電瓶液是否充足。觀察時如果液面位于上下2條刻線之間則認為合適。同時也應該檢查各槽的液面差。如果液面不足，可以擰下蓄電池上面的蓋子，倒入蒸餾水補足液面。隨后還要檢查蓄電池的接線端子，使用鐵刷子刷除接線端子上的積污。如果接線卡箍嚴重污損，可以用砂紙順著內壁擦動，磨掉污物。如果是火花塞受潮，可將其拿出，用打火機進行烘烤，以便盡快地使其上面的水分蒸發。

　　Maintenance: Check the battery fluid in the battery every month or two. It is considered appropriate to observe the liquid level between the upper and lower lines. At the same time, the liquid level difference of each tank should be checked. If the liquid level is insufficient, you can unscrew the lid on the battery and pour distilled water to make up the liquid level. Then check the terminal of the battery and brush the terminal with an iron brush. If the wiring clamp is seriously contaminated, you can use sandpaper to rub along the inner wall to remove the contamination. If the spark plug is damp, it can be taken out and baked with a lighter to evaporate the water on it as soon as possible.

　　◆ 2.汽車排氣噪音增加廢氣排放量增加超標

　　_2. Increase in exhaust noise of automobiles

　　原因：出現這種原因，可能是由于發動機的廢氣經高溫發生氧化作用，導致排氣系統泄漏。

　　Reason: This may be due to the oxidation of engine exhaust gas at high temperature, resulting in leakage of exhaust system.

　　保養方法：定期檢查排氣系統的管路、接口處(特別是消音器等)是否被廢氣腐蝕，接口墊有沒有被沖壞。若發現排氣系統泄漏應及時到汽車修理廠進行修理或更換泄漏的部件。每年檢查一次不僅可以保證排氣系統正常運轉，更重要的是減少尾氣中有害物質對環境的污染。

　　Maintenance method: Check regularly whether the pipeline and interface of exhaust system (especially muffler) are corroded by exhaust gas, and whether the interface pad is washed out. If the leakage of the exhaust system is found, it should be repaired or replaced at the garage in time. Annual inspection can not only ensure the normal operation of the exhaust system, but also reduce the environmental pollution caused by harmful substances in the exhaust gas.

　　◆ 3.汽車油耗莫名增加

　　_3. Increased fuel consumption in automobiles

　　原因：油耗增加的原因很多。但較常見又容易被車主忽略的是對輪胎氣壓的檢查。輪胎胎壓不足不僅會導致行駛阻力增加，造成油耗上升，還會影響輪胎的使用壽命。

　　Reasons: There are many reasons for the increase in fuel consumption. But the most common and easily overlooked by car owners is the tire pressure inspection. Insufficient tire pressure will not only increase driving resistance and fuel consumption, but also affect the service life of tires.

　　保養方法：在開車時，多留意一下各個車胎是否有氣，并定期檢查輪胎氣壓。當然切記不要忘記備胎的檢查，以免急需更換輪胎時，才發現備胎已經沒氣了。氣溫高時胎壓會比平時高一些，因此在冷天或陰涼處測量胎壓比較準確。時常輪胎每行駛1萬公里要互換位置，避免前后磨損程度相差太大。如果需要更換磨損嚴重的輪胎，較好兩個或4個一起換，紋路相同的輪胎可以前后交叉更換。另外，折線花紋的輪胎有助于節省燃油。

　　Maintenance method: When driving, pay more attention to whether each tire is air, and check tire pressure regularly. Of course, don't forget to check the spare tire, so as not to find that the spare tire is out of gas when the tire needs to be replaced urgently. When the temperature is high, the tire pressure will be higher than usual, so it is more accurate to measure the tire pressure in cold or cool weather. Often the tires should be changed positions for every 10,000 kilometers to avoid too much difference in wear between front and back. If you need to replace worn tyres, it's better to replace two or four tyres together. Tires with the same grain can be replaced cross-wise. In addition, broken-line tyres help save fuel.

　　◆ 4.汽車發動機性能明顯下降伴隨油耗增加

　　_4. The performance of automotive engine decreases obviously with the increase of fuel consumption.

　　原因：這很可能是由于長時間未更換機油、機油濾清器、空氣濾清器和汽油濾清器造成了油料燃燒不充分、發動機積碳增多等問題引起的。

　　Reasons: This may be due to long-term non-replacement of oil, oil filters, air filters and gasoline filters resulting in inadequate fuel combustion, engine carbon deposition and other problems.

　　保養方法：機油、機油濾清器，每行駛約5000公里就要更換一次，而空氣濾清器和汽油濾清器每行駛1萬公里時需要進行更換，否則空氣、燃油和機油中的雜質會造成零件磨損和堵塞油路，從而影響發動機正常運轉。

　　Maintenance methods: Oil and oil filters should be replaced once every 5,000 kilometers, while air filters and gasoline filters need to be replaced every 10,000 kilometers. Otherwise, impurities in air, fuel and oil will cause wear and clogging of parts, thus affecting the normal operation of the engine.

　　◆ 5.汽車油泵損壞

　　_5. Damage of automobile oil pump

　　原因：加油時的不合理行為有可能造成油泵損壞。

　　Reason: Irrational behavior during refueling may cause damage to the oil pump.

　　保養方法：車主在給汽車加油時，盡量不要等燃油報警燈亮了再加油，這樣做是會縮短油泵的使用壽命，存油太少或燃油耗盡都可能會燒毀油泵。如果常行駛于市區且加油比較方便則不必一次加滿，因為這樣可能會導致油浮及傳感器失靈、油表失真并增加油耗，所以建議車主在燃油消耗差不多的時候就要加油。

　　Maintenance method: When the car owner refuels the car, try not to wait for the fuel alarm lamp to turn on, which will shorten the service life of the pump. Too little oil or fuel depletion may burn the pump. It is not necessary to fill up the car at once if it is often in the urban area and it is convenient to refuel, because it may cause oil float and sensor failure, oil meter distortion and increase fuel consumption. Therefore, it is suggested that the car owners should refuel when the fuel consumption is about the same.
                           

　　◆ 6.蓄電池不穩定

　　_6. Battery instability

　　原因：電解液的非正常變化會影響蓄電池的性能和可靠性。

　　Reason: The abnormal change of electrolyte will affect the performance and reliability of battery.

　　保養方法：夏季行車，蓄電池會出現過充現象，電解液蒸發快，極板易損壞。因此，需要經常檢查蓄電池的液面高度和電解液比重(電解液比重較冬季應小些)，要經常向蓄電池加注蒸餾水；冬季盡量避免蓄電池完全放電，并注意電解液是否凍結。

　　Maintenance method: When driving in summer, the battery will be overcharged, the electrolyte will evaporate quickly and the plate will be damaged easily. Therefore, it is necessary to check the height of the liquid level and the specific gravity of the electrolyte (the specific gravity of the electrolyte should be smaller than that in winter), and add distilled water to the battery frequently; avoid the complete discharge of the battery in winter, and pay attention to whether the electrolyte is frozen.

　　◆ 7雨刮刮洗玻璃效果不佳

　　_7 The effect of wiping glass is not good

　　原因：雨刮片出現破損，會造成刮洗的不干凈。

　　Cause: The wiper blade is damaged, which will cause the scraping and washing not clean.

　　保養方法：首先車主需要改正干刮的不良習慣，較好是先噴點水再開雨刮，這樣有利于保護雨刮片。其次，雨刮有時候會發出咯咯的響聲，這個時候如果雨刮片是完整的，那么車主較好到4S店進行雨刮角度的校正。較后，如果車輛長期停放，車主可以找泡沫條或者木條之類的小東西，墊在雨刮下，使雨刮片與擋風玻璃相互分離，這樣可以延長雨刮的使用壽命

　　Maintenance method: First of all, the owner needs to correct the bad habit of dry wiping. It is better to spray some water first and then open the wiper, which is conducive to the protection of wiper blades. Secondly, wipers sometimes make cackling noises. At this time, if the wiper blade is complete, then the owner had better correct the wiper angle to 4S shop. Finally, if the vehicle is put off for a long time, the owner can find small items such as foam sticks or wooden sticks, and pad them under the rain to separate the wiper blades from the windshields, thus prolonging the service life of the wipers.